Some people find it beneficial to convert funds from a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, known as a Roth conversion.
A Roth IRA conversion is a taxable movement of assets from a tax deferred account (taxes have not been paid on contributions) to a tax-free account (taxes have been paid on contributions).
The Roth IRA offers account holders the ability to take tax-free withdrawals in retirement, provided the qualifications are met.
[Related: A Roth IRA can be used for than just retirement]
So, how exactly does a Roth conversion work?
From the IRS, there are three ways to convert funds from a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA:
- Rollover – You receive a distribution from a traditional IRA and contribute it to a Roth IRA within 60 days after the distribution (the distribution check is payable to you);
- Trustee-to-trustee transfer – You tell the financial institution holding your traditional IRA assets to transfer an amount directly to the trustee of your Roth IRA at a different financial institution (the distributing trustee may achieve this by issuing you a check payable to the new trustee);
- Same trustee transfer – If your traditional and Roth IRAs are maintained at the same financial institution, you can tell the trustee to transfer an amount from your traditional IRA to your Roth IRA.
A useful reference is IRS Publication 590-A, which provides information on opening and the different ways of funding traditional and Roth IRAs.
A Roth conversion has tax implications in the year you convert because funds are moved from one tax environment to another.
Consulting with your financial professional is important to understand and determine if converting to a Roth is appropriate for your financial goals. Your financial professional can also help you plan for the impact of this taxable event.
[Roth and Traditional IRA: Can you have both retirement plans?]
